Dust Masks and Respirators: FFP1, FFP2 and FFP3 Explained

Breathing in dust, fumes and sprays causes damage that builds up over years. A mask only helps if it is the right type for the hazard and fits your face.

Disposable masks: FFP1, FFP2, FFP3

These are tested to EN 149 and stop particles such as dust, wood dust, cement and mist. The number shows how much they filter:

• FFP1: filters at least 80 percent of particles. For nuisance dust.
• FFP2: filters at least 94 percent. The common choice for construction, carpentry and farm dust. Also comparable to N95.
• FFP3: filters at least 99 percent. For very fine or harmful dust.

A valve makes breathing out easier and keeps the mask cooler on long shifts.

When a dust mask is not enough

Disposable masks do not stop gases, vapours or most chemical fumes. For paint spraying, pesticides and chemical stores you need a half or full face respirator with the right cartridges, tested to EN 140 for the mask and EN 14387 for the gas filter. Cartridges are marked by type and colour, so check that they match what you are working with.

Getting a good seal

• Beards and stubble stop the mask sealing against the skin.
• Press the nose clip to your nose and check for air leaking around the edges.
• Replace a disposable mask when it is damp, damaged or harder to breathe through.
• Replace respirator cartridges as the maker says, or sooner if you can smell or taste the chemical.

Browse dust masks and respirators and look for the EN 149 mark and FFP class printed on the mask.

This guide is general information. It does not replace a risk assessment of your own workplace, and you should always follow the maker’s instructions for the product you buy.